Everyone has their own take on how to clean and maintain guns. As you're discovering one can get into the weeds with this for your rifle. My suggestion is to follow the manufacturer's instructions since you're new and stay away from vegetable-based lubes.
Because of how the gas system works, it gets dirty fast. Accept that the AR-15 will get dirty when you use it, and that it would be a good idea to at least clean the bolt carrier group and charging handle when you're done shooting. Use a gun oil to lube the parts.
Some people use greases, motor oil, transmission fluid, or something else. Some of these may have harsh chemicals that aren't good for the rifle or you. If we were overseas at the end of a long supply chain then yes, you can substitute something else. Otherwise, use a made for the purpose lubricant.
You can do a more detailed cleaning less frequently. Rod the barrel and bore, clean the lugs and inside the upper receiver.
I clean the BCG, charging handle, and barrel when I'm done. It's important to get carbon out and clean oil in. I paid hundreds of dollars for my rifle, so I protect my investment.
Keep it simple: The AR was designed to be lubricated with oil.