Quoted: So... with an Altoids tin, some BNC, and a power cable I can detect a spectrum analyzer? That's pretty cool... |
heh heh heh.
Quoted: wanna explain what's going on in that pic? Curious minds want to know... |
inside the Altoids tin is a 1st generation "PocketTracker" from Byonics. this is an "
APRS in a tin" solution, which i built up from a kit in an afternoon a few years ago. basically, you connect a handheld GPS (which provides the position data) to the PocketTracker (PT), and the PT then periodically transmits your callsign and the GPS position info on the national APRS frequency (144.390MHz FM). moments later, your current position can be see on APRS mapping websites such as FindU and others...
www.findu.com/cgi-bin/find.cgi?call=KC2QPO-9 <-- not my callsign, BTW.
as your vehicle moves, the PT provides new data to the APRS system -- and your position on the map is updated accordingly.
for an idea of how many active APRS users are in my general area,
mm.aprs.net/map.cgi?map=APRSworld&lat=40.4405&lon=-74.1754&call=*&range=.75note that this information is updated every 3 minutes, so it is always "current".
PocketTracker info (legacy version):
www.byonics.com/pockettracker/construction pic:
losdos.dyndns.org:8080/public/ham/PocketTracker/DSCN1167_sm.jpgcompleted pic:
losdos.dyndns.org:8080/public/ham/PocketTracker/DSCN1536_sm.jpgnow then, once you get done with construction, through the magic of a DPLL (digital phase locked loop) and due attention to design of the RF layout, this device is supposed to make ~200mW at 144.390MHz without any tuning whatsoever -- according to the folks at Byonics. i, of course, did not believe them. not that i didn't trust them, i just wanted to see for myself.
enter the spectrum analyzer (SA).
an SA is the tool of choice for making frequency domain measurements, and can also double for a few other functions. more on that in a moment.
as you can see from the picture,
losdos.dyndns.org:8080/public/ham/PocketTracker/DSCN1534_sm.jpgthe RF output of the PocketTracker is connected via a short patch to the SA input -- but not directly. since i would have faced death-by-tires had i blown up the front end of this not-inexpensive SA, i used a 30dB in-line attenuator (aka "pad") to make sure; that's the blue colored cylinder that the patch cord is draped over. (side note: always put the input protection device right at the faceplate of the lab instrument, this makes it harder to accidentally leave it out of the circuit if you are tweaking the signal source).
with the setup as described above, and the PT in a special no-FM test mode (configured by a jumper on the board), the RF output of the PT is displayed on the SA. the basics of spectrum analyzer configuration include setting the frequency range of interest, and specifying a parameter known as the resolution bandwidth. there is an inherent tradeoff between sweep speed and resolution bandwidth, among other things.
power output and frequency can be determined from the following:
the peak hold "marker" is at 144.407MHz, which is not exact but that is a function of the wide resolution bandwidth (30KHz) i had specified during this part of the test. the marker amplitude is -7.00dBm. hmm, what does that tell us?
we know that
0dBm = 1mW (1 milliwatt, or 0.001 watt)
we also know that there is 30dB of attenuation in front of the SA. so, we have to first take that into account before figuring out the power. -7dBm + 30dB = +23dBm. and, 23dBm happens to be 200mW. <-- which is exactly what we should be getting! (10 x log(200mW) = 23dBm).
ps:
when the PT is transmitting FM, you see this spectra:
losdos.dyndns.org:8080/public/ham/PocketTracker/DSCN1514_sm.jpgar-jedi