Here's an interesting model that came out this year. I've always been curious about the S model, but never cared enough about short shells to spend the money. When Mossberg started selling them with a red dot cut, I couldn't resist. This is the model #51605. This is the basic model with 18.5" barrel. Stupidly it doesn't come threaded for choke tubes, so my barrel is away right now. Hopefully it will be back next week. The 940's come threaded for tubes already if you are looking at those.
I am comparing this to a basic model 590 with 20" barrel that I have had for a few years. I do not know the exact model number, but it looks just like #50694, except mine didn't come with a pistol grip. In all the pictures I tried to keep the 590s parts on the left, and 590 parts on the right.
Here are the internals side by side. 590s on left, 590 on right. I looked at them very close, and the only two parts that are different that I can see is the trigger group on the 590s has the rubber bumper on the front, and the shell lifter on the 590s has a slightly longer finger for lack of a better word. All the other parts look identical. I even swapped some in the other gun and they all seem to fit. It's pretty lame Mossberg doesn't sell the trigger group and shell lifter as a kit.
Here is the inside of the frames side by side. I can not identify one bit of difference at all. I see no reason you couldn't mill a standard Mossberg frame for a red dot, and that seems to be just what Mossberg did.
Here is the outside top of the frames. There's not much to see, but this 590s came with this metal and aggressive safety button that I really like. The one on the 590 is aftermarket, and what i usually use, but I see no reason to change out the 590s one. It is nice that Mossberg made the optic cut cover such that you an still use standard Mossberg rails and such.
Finally here is the optic cut. It is sold as an RMSc pattern, but you can see there are no recoil lugs. They are seemingly using the screw holes as lugs. They even sell some models ready to go with a Holosun 407k, so it will accept a K footprint optic with no mods. I'm still waiting for a red dot to show up, so I can't say much about it yet. I think it's a really nice idea that should put most of the red dot components below the frame surface, so all you see is window. The closer to the bore you get, the better suited for a shotgun it will be.
Some measurements
The depth of the optic cut at the front from the top of the frame to the bottom of the cut is .170" to .180" depending on the spot you measure.
The depth of the optic cut at the back from the top of the frame to the bottom of the cut is .130"
The length of the optic cut is about 1.620", but there is also a small cutout at the rear. If I include that cutout it is about 1.695".
The width of the cut is about .950".
The height of the "lugs" where the screws go into is .055".
The diameter of the "lugs" is .058"
The front of the optic cut to the front of the frame is 3.865"