Posted: 6/14/2014 11:00:56 PM EST
[#3]
Quote History Quoted:
Depends on which translation you use.
Colin S. Gray uses this translation, as I recall, and he is probably the most significant scholar on Clausewitz that is writing today.
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Depends on which translation you use.
Colin S. Gray uses this translation, as I recall, and he is probably the most significant scholar on Clausewitz that is writing today.
I won't claim to know Gray, but I can access source material thanks to the interwebs.
The specific distinction between "policy" and "politics" is English is pretty unique to English. Translating a phrase that short requires context.
Bedenken wir nun, daß der Krieg von einem politischen Zweck ausgeht, so ist es natürlich, daß dieses erste Motiv, welches ihn ins Leben gerufen hat, auch die erste und höchste Rücksicht bei seiner Leistung bleibt. Aber der politische Zweck ist deshalb kein despotischer Gesetzgeber, er muß sich der Natur des Mittels fügen und wird dadurch oft ganz verändert, aber immer ist er das, was zuerst in Erwägung gezogen werden muß. Die Politik also wird den ganzen kriegerischen Akt durchziehen und einen fortwährenden Einfluß auf ihn ausüben, soweit es die Natur der in ihm explodierenden Kräfte zuläßt.
Der Krieg ist eine bloße Fortsetzung der Politik mit anderen Mitteln
So sehen wir also, daß der Krieg nicht bloß ein politischer Akt, sondern ein wahres politisches Instrument ist, eine Fortsetzung des politischen Verkehrs, ein Durchführen desselben mit anderen Mitteln. Was dem Kriege nun noch eigentümlich bleibt, bezieht sich bloß auf die eigentümliche Natur seiner Mittel. Daß die Richtungen und Absichten der Politik mit diesen Mitteln nicht in Widerspruch treten, das kann die Kriegskunst im allgemeinen und der Feldherr in jedem einzelnen Falle fordern, und dieser Anspruch ist wahrlich nicht gering; aber wie stark er auch in einzelnen Fällen auf die politischen Absichten zurückwirkt, so muß dies doch immer nur als eine Modifikation derselben gedacht werden, denn die politische Absicht ist der Zweck, der Krieg ist das Mittel, und niemals kann das Mittel ohne Zweck gedacht werden.
Now if we reflect that war has its root in a political object, then naturally this original motive which called it into existence should also continue the first and highest consideration in the conduct of it. Still the political object is no despotic lawgiver on that account; it must accommodate itself to the nature of the means, and through that is often completely changed, but it always remains that which has a prior right to consideration. Policy therefore is interwoven with the whole action of war, and must exercise a continuous influence upon it as far as the nature of the forces exploding in it will permit.
War is a mere continuation of policy by other means.
We see, therefore, that war is not merely a political act, but also a real political instrument, a continuation of political commerce, a carrying out of the same by other means. All beyond this which is strictly peculiar to war relates merely to the peculiar nature of the means which it uses. That the tendencies and views of policy shall not be incompatible with these means, the art of war in general and the commander in each particular case may demand, and this claim is truly not a trifling one. But however powerfully this may react on political views in particular cases, still it must always be regarded as only a modification of them; for the political view is the object, war is the means, and the means must always include the object in our conception.
The work "politik" is used throughout the German. But... it's not that simple. The translator above did a pretty good job switching terms to capture the English nuance. (I suppose you could argue that the English nuance is a false one designed more to obfuscate than clarify, but I digress)
German does not use "Politik" in the sense where we refer to office politics, or "playing" politics. They tend to use different pejoratives for all the negative connotations English has for the word - it seems to then allows for broader use in technical speech.
We in English often use "policy" where "plan" or "strategy," or even "principle" could or should be used - and would be used in German. But, in English we shy away from such terms... arguably due to politics.
Really, though I thought it would be good to quote all that here since the Rush Limbaugh crowd had shown up.
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