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Through a medical discharge with a referrel to the VA for mental care services if there's any sort or even a hint of suicidal ideation.
If you're friend is this bad off, talk to him about going through with the counseling.
Otherwise, if he had a good record up until his world fell apart, there may be staffing good enough at his base where he can go to counseling. Otherwise, if he wasn't that good a service member (meaning he didn't want to be there) he's simply dischaged for medical reasons with maybe a "vaya con dios."
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This is absolutely untrue and perpetuates the fallacy that any sort of BH visit equates a review for separation based on performance. This is in no way the case.
If you don't know what the fuck you are talking about keep it to yourself.
I have personally dealt with tons of soldiers with BH issues from Private to Colonel. It will start with an assessment of the overall issue, and if it's a self-referral or directed. There are hundreds of pathways in between telephone counseling to various forms of therapy, to in-patient off-site programs that can be several months long.
As with any personal or medical scenario, there is no cookie cutter answer, it's a combination of local leadership, peers, and military and civilian health resources that combine to tailor a solution that is hopefully what's best for the soldier. There are civilian programs available to soldiers, plus specific new treatment facilities dedicated to treatment areas such as the correlation between TBI and depression or OPTEMPO/work stress, among other things.
At no point was separation ever discussed unless well into the treatment the soldier/provider felt they could no longer perform their duties, or there was violence or criminal behavior attached. Even suicidal ideation is not a direct path to separation. I've taken a Sergeant Major to BH for suicidal ideation and temporarily stored his guns for him, he's doing great now and still in. I've done the same for many soldiers and lower ranks as well.
I have had a half dozen active duty friends of mine kill themselves partially because of stigma related to seeking care, there is zero need for that ignorance. The only people I have seen separated had violence or criminal activities involved, some of which were the result of a BH condition but for a few the BH condition was used to justify their actions. In a couple instances I had soldiers that were going through some BH issues and determined the Army was the root cause of their family issues, which created personal issues.... and they wanted out. It took them a long time and a lot of flags to throw to do so, the Army didn't just throw a medical discharge at them due to any of these concerns. I had something like 30-40 medical appointments up on the board for them for months before they were allowed to medboard.