I assume by "attic" you mean an area above the occupied spaces that is NOT used / occupied and is unfinished? That space should be VERY well ventilated. You want vents down low in the eves, LOTS of them, and make sure they have open channels to space around the insulation, and then a ridge vent system or LOTS of roof vents and large end gable vents.
So far as the chimney, you must investigate EXACTLY what that vent (chimney) is and find out the "clearance to combustible" specs. Normally these metal chimneys are required to be (for wood fires) "class a" as opposed to "B or C" for gas, and there is ALWAYS a specification for fire clearance to combustibules. May be 1" or more, or less. I have not kept up with recent changes, there even may be some that is "zero" clearance. But you MUST find that out
You may want to get sheet metal/ someone to build a cylinder around the pipe to keep insulation away from it.
Is it too big to fill? Is it large enough to get down in there and install wall insulation? Open it up someplace below, might even build a crawl access into the chimney area? What you describe sounds pretty big?